The collection of information on an individual, usually through the performance of medical tests or physical exams.Ī clinical study that examines and assesses the effects of a novel treatment, if it is safe, and if it works in people. This is synonymous with clinical impact.* The effect that something (for example, a public health intervention or a drug) is likely to have on a particular group of people. The count of the number of patients in the ICU on a given day. This is synonymous with cellular immunity. This is done by comparing a group of patients who have the disease or condition (cases) with a group of people who do not have it (controls) but who are otherwise as similar as possible (in characteristics thought to be unrelated to the causes of the disease or condition).*Ī cellular immune response that involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, but does not involve the production of antibodies. In the context of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, it means ensuring that cases are reached in a timely and effective way to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2.Īn examination and analysis of a particular instance (case), such as a person, population or event.Īn observational study to find out the possible cause(s) of a disease or condition. This is synonymous with case fatality risk and is similar to case fatality rate.Ī collaborative process of analysis, planning, support, evaluation, and advocacy for services to meet an individual’s comprehensive health needs. For example, in the context of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, this would be the proportion of individuals who died of COVID-19 compared with the total number of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. The proportion of people who die from a disease among those who are infected with it. The proportion of people who die from a disease among those who are infected with it over a defined period of time. The set of measurements at the beginning of a study.*Īn indication of how contagious an infectious disease is, defined as theĪverage number of cases generated by one case in a population in which all individuals are susceptible to infection in the absence of public health interventions and vaccines.Ī measurable substance in an organism whose presence is indicative of a disease, infection, environmental exposure or other phenomenon.Ī subsequent dose of a vaccine that is administered once or periodically to boost immunity against the antigen, when memory against the antigen declines.Ī protein produced by the liver that is a marker of inflammation in the body. This variant has two lineages: Kappa variant (B.1.617.1 variant) and Delta variant (B.1617.2 variant) This variant is also commonly known as the Indian variant. This variant is also commonly known as the South African variant.Ī variant of concern of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that was first detected in India. This variant is also commonly known as the UK variant.Ī variant of concern of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that was first detected in South Africa. This is synonymous with B lymphocyte.Ī variant of concern of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that was first detected in the United Kingdom. B cells are part of the adaptive immune response. In the context of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, atypical symptoms of COVID-19 can include confusion, weakness, vomiting and other symptoms not considered typical of an upper respiratory tract infection by clinicians.Ī white blood cell that produces antibodies. Typical clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, cough, and respiratory distress. The total number of new cases with an infection divided by the total population that was observed. The affected tissue may be replaced by other kinds of tissue. This is synonymous with humoral immunity.Ī specific molecule or structure found on a pathogen that allows it to be identified as foreign by the immune system.Īn individual who is infected with a pathogen but does not have symptoms.Ītrophy is a process by which a tissue degenerates and loses functional activity.
A response to a drug, treatment or medical intervention that is harmful or otherwise unwanted in a participant of a clinical study and suspected to be related to, or caused by, the studied drug, treatment or intervention.Ī disease that is caused by a pathogen that can be transmitted through the air by very small particles called aerosols, which have the ability to remain suspended in the air over considerable time and distance.Ī type of hospital care that occurs when a patient is occupying a hospital bed but does not require typical hospital-level care such as acute care.Ī large Y-shaped protein produced by the immune system to help in the identification and elimination of viruses and bacteria.Īn immune response that involves the activation of B lymphocytes, as well as the production of antibodies in response to a pathogen.
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